How does the director create a sense of chaos and frenzy in the scene leading up to Simon’s death? – The Lord of the Flies film

The â€Å"Lord of the Flies† film, which I am studying, was made in the 1960s. The director of this film made it in black and white for effect. In my essay I will be focusing on how the director's use of pictures and sounds help to recreate the sense of chaos that can be found in the book. In conclusion to my essay I will write about my personal opinion on whether the director has succeeded or failed in creating the same sense of frenzy and chaos, which is created in the book. The director uses images and camera techniques in Simon's death sequence to help the film relate to Simon's death in the book. He manages to do this in many ways, such as making it seem as if you are in between the boys, and that you are actually there witnessing what is about to happen. He also uses shots that look up and down to great effect which exaggerate Jack's authority and leadership of the boys, and make Simon seem insignificant to the boys. I will now give you a detailed analysis of how the director uses images and camera techniques in Simon's death sequence. Firstly, there is a close up of a boy's head, which cuts to a fire sending sparks flying off into the night. There is then a long shot of the fire with the boys dancing around it. The director has made it so that the audience do not know who each of the boys are. The camera then zooms into a medium shot of the boys, still dancing around the fire, as if they are celebrating. The camera then cuts to a boy, who runs to the edge of the shoreline carrying a flaming branch. The boy then swings this ‘torch' around and flings it into the ocean. The camera sweeps along the shoreline following the ‘torch' as it flies through the air. The director uses this image to indicate to the audience that the boys are becoming more dangerous. Just before the ‘torch' hits the ocean, a wave rushes upwards and engulfs it. The camera then cuts to a boy who kicks the fire. Again, the director uses this to make the scene more violent and dangerous. The audience still can't see the boy's face. The camera then cuts to a close up of the fire sending sparks flying up into the night. There is then a shot of the full moon, which immediately makes the audience think that something horrific is going to happen. The moon is also slightly out of focus. The camera then cuts to a series of close up shots of the boys screaming and shouting. The boys' faces are in shadow so that the audience cannot see them. There is then a medium shot of the boys, still unrecognisable, silhouetted against the fire. The camera then cuts to a medium shot of the boys chanting and banging their spears on the ground. The audience recognize Ralph within their ranks symbolising mankind's ultimate decent into savagery, a theme that Golding uses many a time in the novel. The camera remains still as the boys march past it, as though they are soldiers on parade. The boys then become frantic and there are continuous extreme close ups of arms, legs, cheeks but never a full face or body. These shots are generally out of focus and give the effect that you are actually there with the boys banging into you and running about. There is a medium shot of the boys becoming more and more frantic because the darkness is becoming unbearable and the boys are being overcome with a faint madness. There is then a close up of a boy's face, which is unrecognisable. The camera then cuts to a medium shot of Simon, making his way through the jungle. He is pushing leaves away so that he can make it to the beach as soon as possible. The camera then cuts to another medium shot of another boy, which it appears could be Jack, but he is still partly in shadow. When we see ‘Jack' the camera is looking upwards to exaggerate his authority and his power over the boys. ‘Jack' points to Simon and the boys suddenly charge towards the camera. This gives the audience the impression that they are Simon, and that they can see the boys charging towards them, a technique which further emphasizes the terror that Simon is about to face. The camera then cuts to a close up of Simon screaming. His body is partly in shadow. As the boys stab Simon the camera withdraws giving the effect that the audience are so horrified and shocked by what the boys are doing, they have to back off for air. There is then a medium shot of the boys' backs whilst they are still stabbing downwards with their spears. There is a close up shot of Simon holding his arms up in terror This gives the audience the impression that they have rejoined the circle and are stabbing downwards at the ‘beast' (Simon) along with the other boys. The camera then sweeps slowly along the beach, as the boys force Simon into the sea. We then see a shot of the tide coming into the shore; the sea water is mingled with Simon's blood. The camera then pans to Simon's body, floating in the ocean. His body starts off facing upwards and slowly revolves round to hide his face. The director uses this as a sign of respect for Simon that the audience can relate to. Meanwhile, the gentle tranquillity of the ocean helps to calm the audience after the chaos and frenzy of what has just happened. The screen slowly fades to total darkness with only a faint outline of Simon's body in sight. Finally the screen begins to get lighter as flickers of phosphorescent light can be seen here and there. This gradually overwhelms the screen and adds to the audience's sense of peace and tranquillity. I will now give a detailed analysis of the sounds used in the scene depicting Simon's death. The scene starts off with a high pitched scream and then, gradually, screaming from different people can be heard. This reflects the terror that the darkness brings in the novel. The crackling of the fire can be heard now, along with the continuous screaming of he boys. The crackling of the fire intensifies to coincide with the, gradually increasing, screaming of the boys. The director uses these noises to remind the audience that these boys are ‘playing with fire' and that their activities are becoming increasingly more dangerous. The audience then hear a torch swing through the air and a storm beginning as it sends the waves of the ocean, whooshing up into the night. The audience then hear the torch sizzling as it hits the water. The director uses the boy, swinging the flaming branch about, to emphasise the idea that the boys are becoming more and more frantic and dangerous. The original screaming of the boys has now turned to cheering and the audience hear more branches being swung around. This gives the audience the impression that, although the boys were originally scared, they have now started to celebrate and to forget their original fears. The audience then hear the boys dancing and issuing tribal ululations between each other. The director has used this to coincide with the scene, in the novel, which represents the boys' downfall into savagery. The sounds in the scene once again shift to being more deadly and the audience hear the boys stamping their feet and banging their spears on the ground. The director does this so that the audience think of tribal drums and tribal celebrations. One of the boys shouts out ‘kill' and the mood of the scene becomes even more dangerous. The boys begin to chant the words; â€Å"Kill the pig! Slit her throat! Bash her in!† This chant starts off quietly and slowly and, gradually, with every repetition, getts faster and louder. This leads the audience to believe that something is going to happen. The beating of the ‘drums' starts to become hypnotic. The director does this to further indicate to the audience that something horrific is going to happen. The continuous cheering, chanting, beating and stamping interweave and become even more intense, giving the audience the impression of chaos and frenzy within the boys. Screaming is heard again which implies that the boys are becoming scared again. The, still ongoing, chant changes from â€Å"kill the pig† to â€Å"kill the beast†, and the boys begin to bang their spears together which once again adds to the tribal feel of the scene. The sounds become mingled now, and increase in tempo, which adds to the audience's sense of chaos. Then, as the camera first cuts to Simon, the tribal noises fade and become background noises; the predominant sound at this time, in the scene, is leaves being trodden on and being pushed out of the way. One of the boys shouts out â€Å"look† and all the other noises stop which gives the audience a sense of awareness. The same boy shouts out â€Å"the beast†, and there is once again complete silence. In this scene, this is a source of dramatic irony, because the audience know that it is Simon who the boys are referring to as ‘the beast'. This relates to the novel because the same dramatic irony is present when the boys first see Simon. The boys begin to scream as they charge Simon. These screams range from high pitched to low shouting. As the boys get closer to Simon, their screams get louder and more constant. There is one high pitched scream that stands out from the rest because it is almost girl-like. This scream belongs to Simon who realises what the boys are planning to do. The audience then hear short thuds and tearing. This leads them to the knowledge that the boys are brutally murdering Simon in a tide of chaos and frenzy. The high pitched screaming finally stops and the noise of the sea is heard in the background. Thunder can also be heard and there is a bloodthirsty repetition of â€Å"kill† by the boys. The noise of the boys slowly fades away which informs the audience that they are walking away from what they have just done. When the noise of the boys completely stops, the thunder and the sea can really be heard. There is then silence in the scene with faint and distant sounding choir music gradually getting louder. The choir music is harmonic and represents Simon's purity and innocence for the audience. Simon's death sequence ends with one clear, harmonic note from the choir that fades out slowly. In my opinion, the director of this film does create the chaos and frenzy within this scene as effectively as Golding does in the novel. The director's most successful part in this sequence is when Simon is killed and his body claimed by the sea. He recreates this part with the same natural and ‘lyrical' beauty which Golding uses in the book. The director's only unsuccessful part in the sequence is the storm as he starts it too late in the sequence, whereas Golding uses the thunder and lightning to work the boys up into a frenzy. He also does not, in my view, successfully recreate Simon's death because no film could recreate the savagery of the boys and the imagery which Golding creates in the novel through his language and description.

Gay Marriage †persuasive essa Essay

Everyone dreams of one day becoming married and having a family, and most of the time this dream is fulfilled, that is, if they are straight. As each year passes by, there seems to be an increasing number of gay couples that aspire to become married. Even though gay marriage is becoming an extremely popular topic, people begin to realize that it does either one of two things (unless they are apathetic on the issue); gay marriage puts a strain on the outlook of society or it opens up many opportunities for the gay couples themselves. Bishops and other religious figures of the church feel that gay marriage is appalling, and should be abolished from society. The article mentioned in the National Catholic Reporter, â€Å"Bishops Warn of Dangers to Marriage,† it is revealed that bishops believe same-sex marriage is â€Å"one of the most troubling developments in contemporary culture. † (Roberts 2). According to text, the first command given to Adam and Eve was â€Å"be fertile and multiply† (National Catholic Reporter). The culture of America is perceived to be a family consisting of one mother, one father, and however many kids are desired; however, if same-sex marriage were to be allowed, it would diminish all natural aspects of our culture. Bishops of the Church believe that it is â€Å"in the offspring† where â€Å"married love finds its crowning glory† (Roberts 2). To reiterate into other words, the greatest achievement of marriage is found in the child created by that man and woman. Though one may not believe in Christ or anything to do with religion, the Church is against gay marriage because they believe that men and women were created to produce fertile offspring, a task impossible for gay couples. Most people against gay marriage agree that it can nit and should not be permitted because the female necessitates a dominant male figure to protect her. In the Weekly Standard, â€Å"The Worst Thing About Gay Marriage,† teaches us that â€Å"marriage is a part of a kinship system† and kinship depends on the â€Å"protection, organization, and often exploitation of female sexuality vis-i -vis male† (Schulman 3). Women and children have suffered and will continue to suffer from being over-protected and controlled, but the consequence of under-protection and indifference will be immeasurably worse (Schulman 4). It is understandable that over-protected women feel effected by the matter, but at least they are guaranteed someone to be there when in danger, while on the other hand, under-protected women are far more vulnerable. We realize that marriage is above all, â€Å"concerned with female sexuality† and that kinship depends on the protection of women from â€Å"rape, degradation, and concubinage† (Schulman 2). This is why marriage between and man and woman has been necessary in virtually every society ever known (Schulman 2). In other words, it is a priority to attain a male-female relationship in order to create the safest possible environment for the female. Same-sex marriage cannot offer the appropriate assurance for the female’s safety due to the lack of a male figure designed to protect. Often, marriage leads to the desire for kids, and adoption is the only way that desire can be fulfilled for homosexual couples, which can tremendously affect the child’s path in being raised as a normal kid. Psychological Reports, as mentioned in Paul Cameron and Ellen C. Perrin’s â€Å"Insight on the News,† tested 52 families and ninety-two percent of the children in those families â€Å"mentioned one or more ‘problems'† which included â€Å"hyper sexuality, instability, molestation, and domestic violence† (Cameron and Perrin 2). A great majority of kids growing up in a home with homosexual parents find it to do so because they are lacking either a mother or a father, who are both vital participants in childhood. On one Insight on the News interview, a nine year old girl growing up with gay parents reveals her feelings of discomfort at home and how â€Å"all of a sudden [she] felt like a different person because [her] mom was a lesbian† (Cameron and Perrin 2). Every marriage between a man and a woman is capable of giving any child that they create or adopt a mother and a father, which is the opposite for gay couples (Gallagher 109). Gay adoption can be a negative part of a child’s life because it is usually found to be hard on the child growing up, due to the fact that they lack either a mother or father figure. While a high number of individuals are against gay marriage, there are also the ones who believe everyone should be granted equal rights. America has always been set on the idea of equality for all because â€Å"our fathers brought forth this continent, a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all mean are created equal† (Lincoln). Sadly this nation has taken a long time to live up to that promise of equality (Olson 2). Society encourages marriage because of the commitment not only to each other but also to their families which creates a union between the two; however, society doesn’t seem to accept this same idea for homosexuals. If same-sex marriage were to be legalized, it would be†recognition of basic American principles† as it would â€Å"represent our nation’s commitment to equal rights† (Olson 2). Historical figures from America’s history to now have always promised equal rights for everyone, yet hays seem to continue to be discriminated against. The basis of America has always been freedom and equality for all, discarding all of homosexuals who are granted limited marriage rights. As mentioned earlier, marriage naturally leads to the aspiration for having children, and adoption is the only way for homosexual couples to do so, which in the end is a positive side of gay marriage because it opens up the doors for a child in need of a loving home. As stated in The First Post, there are never enough parents to adopt out all of the children in foster care homes, so â€Å"whether the family is gay or straight† it is usually â€Å"better than the foster-care system† (1). Gay adoption can open up many opportunities for the children trapped in the foster-care system because they will be showed the love and other vital aspects of childhood that would never be expressed in foster-care. A new twenty five year study, as mentioned in the Atlanta Journal Constitution, shows that children of gay parents showed higher ratings than their peers in â€Å"social, academic, and overall competence† and â€Å"lower in aggressive behavior† (Manford and Chrisler 1). Children of gay parents are overall better off than children with heterosexual divorced parents because they have two full-time parental figures that are always there for them (Manford and Chrisler 1). Children of gay parents demonstrate a more confident statue mainly because they are supported by two parents, whereas an increasing majority of children have divorced parents. A positive idea of gay marriage is gay adoption because it creates a positive outlook for kids who thought they would never have a chance in the foster-care system. Many people against gay marriage believe that it ruins the prosperity of heterosexual marriage, when in reality they just search for any possible reason to make gay marriage appear as an unspeakable issue. In his editorial found on About. com, Tom Head explains that in the countries that have legalized same-sex marriage, the rate of heterosexual marriage has either â€Å"gone up, remained stable, or declined consistent with other countries in the region that do not recognize same-sex marriage† (Head 1). In other words, gay marriage has absolutely no affect on heterosexual marriage as shown in the statistics of Tom Head’s editorial, because the rates of heterosexual marriages stay the same as they would if gay couples didn’t exist. Found on the Daily Paul Liberty Forum, Bruce Hausknecht admits that â€Å"there is no aspect of family life† that is impacted by a homosexual agenda that is â€Å"fundamentally at odds with the biblical view of marriage and sexuality† (Hausknecht 1). To recap, there is no family containing heterosexual parents that is impacted by the views of gay marriage; gay marriage isn’t harming anyone. An optimistic outlook on gay marriage is the idea of it harming nobody, especially heterosexual marriages, which is a main target in trying to destroy gay marriage. Gay marriage has always been and will continue to be a highly controversial issue among the believers and non-believers. There will always be those people who oppose gay marriage, accepting that male-female marriage was generated to produce fertile offspring. There will also be those who want equality for all. These two beliefs are the basis of the controversy of the issue, and it will continue to be until gay marriage is accepted in society.

Research-week11 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Research-week11 - Essay Example Teachers can improve children’s attitudes toward school, behavior at school, and academic achievement through the use of effective methods of directions and management. Researched effects of programs offered to teachers, parents, and children. The gap that I see is the application of the social factors in isolation and the extent of impact they have on juvenile behavior being explained by the use of the social learning theory. Also one can achieve a much superior understanding of the individual, societal and psychological aspects of juvenile delinquency. Theory/Theories or Conceptual Framework(s) Related to the Area of Inquiry: The theory that I plan on incorporating in my research is the Social control theory. Social control theory refers to a perspective which predicts that when social constraints on antisocial behavior are weakened or absent, delinquent behavior emerges. Rather than stressing causative factors in criminal behavior, control theory asks why people actually ob ey rules instead of breaking them. This theory stresses the idea that people in a society commit delinquent or criminal acts because of the weakness of the forces restraining them, not because of the strength of forces driving them to do so. It asserts that social controls, like arrest, imprisonment, loss of income, etc. increase the costs of violent behaviors (Psychology glossary). Purpose of Your Research: The purpose of this research paper will be to investigate the social causes of violent juvenile crime. The social elements examined will be that of domestic violence, substance abuse, peer pressure and perhaps media exposure. The social control theory will aid in the explanation and examination of these factors and together accumulate to enhance our understanding of how dire the impact of social elements on today’s youth’s ability to commit crimes is. Your Proposed Research Approach/Methodology: Mixed method research. Describe Your Proposed Design: The mixed method research design that suits research into my area of interest is sequential explanatory strategy. Similar to sequential explanatory strategy, it is conducted in two phases. However this strategy is characterized by the collection and analysis of qualitative data followed by the collection and analysis of quantitative data. In turn, priority is given to the qualitative aspects of this study. The purpose of this strategy is to use quantitative data and results to assist in the interpretation of the qualitative findings (Knowledge base, web). Proposed Research Population and How You Would Draw Upon this Population for your Research Inquiry: Under 18 boys and girls with a juvenile record, who are primarily high school students and belong to the American culture. The method of non probability sampling I believe will be most appropriate for carrying out my research. In fact to be even specific purposive sampling technique which aids exploratory research and encompasses obtaining data from specific individuals, in case of my investigation this would be juveniles. This will ensure internal validity of the study as the chosen sample will be a certain fraction of the population. With the help of self report surveys; questionnaire or poll participants will select a response by themselves without researcher interference. Examples of Research Data

Business plan; financial section Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Business plan; financial section - Essay Example In approximation, the occupancy expenses add up to $100,000. These expenses are expected to increase as the business grows. However, the company will purchase its own premises as soon as it can. The estimated fixed assets by the receipt master are $200,000. This is because they are not expected to be very many in the business’ first year of operation. These few assets will just be enough to keep the business operating before it makes enough profit to fund its other assets (Friend and Stefan 38). The growth expenses add up to $2.5 million but there is no debt incurred by he receipt master. The growth expenses are expected to increase as the business progresses. Due to the uncertainties that come with the beginning of a new business, the miscellaneous expenses add up to $100,000. However, these expenses are expected to amount to a smaller amount that this due to the extensive research and precise calculations done prior to the actual planning. The figures have been put to the higher side of the probability or the

Sunday in the park with George Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sunday in the park with George - Essay Example The particular song, â€Å"Finishing the Hat† was chosen because of the several meanings that it has throughout the song. The focus in this song is based on George and losing his loved one. When he approaches this, he calls it finishing the hat, which works as a metaphor to the incomplete piece that he is feeling at the moment. This universal theme of losing love is able to tie together to the rest of the emotions that George is feeling as well as the absence of his loved one at this particular moment. Even though this is the main theme of the song, there are other interpretations that can be added into this and which are noted from the lyrics as well as the musical techniques that are used through the piece. The â€Å"Finishing the Hat† song is not only interesting because of the main themes that George is singing about. There are several musical changes that are used throughout the piece to create different expressions. When listening to this piece, one is able to tie it into the rest of the musical, while allowing this particular theme to stand on its own. This combination of elements allows the piece to be one of the strongest in the musical and provides a deeper understanding to what is occurring in different parts of the song. This allows one to develop a specific relationship to George, the situation and what is occurring, specifically through the musical techniques. The song â€Å"Finishing the Hat† is used as a pause in the main story line to express the emotions that are occurring through the plot line. The first way that this relates to the plot line is through the main theme used with â€Å"Sunday Park in the George.† This musical was known to be taken from the painting that was a part of the time frame of 1884 (see Appendix A). The artwork that was depicted during this time is one of the most renowned pieces that are from the different

Write an essay in which you argue for or against Globalization

Write an in which you argue for or against Globalization - Essay Example The largest publicly traded company is in China. The largest passenger airplane is built in Europe. The biggest movie industry is Indias Bollywood, not Hollywood. And in the most recent Forbes rankings, only two of the worlds 10 richest people are American (Zakaria, p.198). It is a fact that global wealth is currently shifting from the less heavily populated American and European region to the more heavily populated Asian region. At the same time, one should not forget the fact that, still US is the only superpower in this world. That is why America is causing huge damages to life and properties in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Iraq in the name of war on terror. Even though Pakistan is a sovereign state and a nuclear power, they were forced to allow America to conduct its missions against Muslim fundamentalists from its soil. Who can forget the fact that America killed Osama without informing Pakistan about the attack which they were going to conduct on Pak soil. Pakistan forced to surrender to the pressure exerted by America because of the huge financial aids they receive from America. In other words, globalization helped Pakistan to gain more financial aids from America like countries; at the same time they forced to sacrifice their freedom and other li berties. Only within the moment of time represented by the present century has one species-man-acquired significant power to alter the nature of his world. During the past quarter century this power has not only increased to one of disturbing magnitude but it has changed in character. The most alarming of all mans assaults upon the environment is the contamination of air, earth, rivers, and sea with dangerous and even lethal materials (Carson, p.402). One of the major drawbacks of globalization is the increasing Consumerism. Current markets all over the world are heavily competitive. People get good quality products for cheaper prices. Moreover, the living standards of the

Nostalgia and the frontier Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nostalgia and the frontier - Assignment Example Since it introduced new changes into he society, it was fiercely opposed by the native populations. Meaning, it sparked a violent resistance from the natives who were threatened by the coming of these colonialists into their land. Such a version can appeal most to the scout who perceive America to be built from violent resistances. Initially, Americans were democratic people who believed in equality, peace and social order. This is the view of Turner in his highly regarded Frontier thesis in which he says that the Native American populations were peace-loving. At the same time, they were egalitarians who did not entertain selfishness, but believed in the sharing of resources amongst themselves. This was seen in the manner in which they managed land resources. In fact, it is because of this that the native Indian Americans believed in the free land system. After all, there was a vast land with numerous resources to exploit making it unnecessary for these natives to scramble for them. However, when the land was invaded by the colonialists, all these changed as a new social order was established. After the signing of numerous with the Europeans, the natives would soon find out that life would never be the same. As demonstrated by Buffalo Bill, violence had to erupt because the invasion opened a new frontier to the Indian Americans whose life had been confined within their geographical area. So, unlike before, they would be exposed to the western community and the rest of the world thus influencing them a great deal. Apart from introducing new economic systems, the frontier led to the establishment of the states. These were totally new developments that had to be defended. All in all, the ideas expressed by the boy scouts, Buffalo Bill Wild West shows and Westerns demonstrate that the frontier was indeed a new development that marked a big turning point in the lives of the Indian Americans. If it were not for it, these natives

Genre analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Genre analysis - Essay Example At the same time it has made my reflexes so much better, I can feel the difference for myself. Earlier, I was really slow and my reflexes were extremely slow but thanks to the game, I have become much faster now. My hand-eye coordination has also improved tremendously. In addition to this playing online has helped me a lot, I have made so many friends and I constantly play against them to see how good I really am. We also meet outside and spend time together. I became excessively involved and that was when I asked myself some really important questions? Questions like what is the future on gaming and how can I benefit from it? I am investing so much time into it what will I get out of it? These were some extremely important questions that I asked myself and it was very important for me to ask myself these questions and I am delighted I asked these questions just at the right time. â€Å"To narrow my analysis I stumbled upon the Virgin Gaming website.† (Virgin Gaming) The Virgin Gaming website has been developed by the Virgin group and it provides an ideal platform for gamers to grow and develop. I also came across twitch TV website. The Twitch TV website allows gamers to stream gaming videos and attract audience. That was when I started believing that one can make a career out of gaming and I started working towards it. There are so many gamers who have made a career out of gaming and this is certainly possible. So many of them have already been immensely successful. Twitch TV is similar to Youtube and they pay content producers for involving more and more people, this is very similar to Youtube partner program. The audience can contribute greatly, they can chip in with their comments and the types of series they would want to see and the content producers can produce exactly what is required and demanded by the audience. Virgin Gaming is a different ball game altogether. It involves competitive game

Include strategies Essay Example for Free

Include strategies Essay Plan, implement and evaluate at least three activities for children in the foundation stage. You should ensure that across the three plans there are learning goals from each of the 6 areas of learning. Your plans should include strategies for differentiation.  Claire Field  Preston College  Introduction  The purpose of this work is to review the nature and content of the foundation stage curriculum and to consider the theoretical underpinning and underlying principles that have assisted in the formation of this early years practice. Through the planning and implementation of three activities, spanning the full spectrum of the foundation stage curriculum, the writer aims to identify and meet the needs of foundation stage children. This work will then evaluate the provisions for these children and investigate further the ways in which differentiation strategies can be implemented to ensure all children, regardless of their abilities, or stage of development, may receive the curriculum, delivered in a style appropriate to them and their own personal requirements. In 1988 the Conservative government, under the leadership of Margaret Thatcher, legislated that a National Curriculum be in force for pupils between the ages of 5 and 16, because she believed that  a good educational system was essential for the future  success of the nation (Ridley, 1992, p92)  Although a curriculum was in place for ages 5 to 16, there was a distinct lack of standardised learning for the early years. Margaret Hodge joined the Department for Education in 1998 and was responsible for reforming pre-school education policy (www.news.bbc.co.uk 12/10/2006). She was actively involved in the implementation of the Foundation Stage Curriculum in September 2000 and the publishing of the guidance to accompany this. The abilities of children are multifaceted and the foundation stage curriculum gives practitioners a much less rigid approach than the National Curriculum, by following the childrens progress using stepping stones. As the foundation stage curriculum is a government legislated policy, this means that all children should follow it. As it is flexible in the way in which it is implemented, it means that different types of settings can fashion the teaching methods to follow it in their own way. This means that whether a child attends a pre-school, an LEA nursery, a work-based nursery, or indeed a childminder, they are provided with the same curriculum. This is governed by Ofsted who maintain this proviso through their regular inspections. Good planning is essential in ensuring that all the practitioners involved can build a picture of the childrens development programme. Not only does it provide them with a premeditated programme of learning, but it also gives an opportunity for discussion to take place, where they can think about how they can progress children through the various stages of learning. For the practitioner to ensure all areas of the curriculum are covered, the planning must,  entail attention to overall (long-term) planning, medium  and short-term planningfor every aspect of every  lesson (Cohen et al, 2004, p125) Long term planning ensures that all the areas and aspects of learning within the curriculum are covered throughout the whole year and provides a template for the medium term planning. Correct use of the Curriculum Guidance for the Foundation Stage, together with the knowledge of the practitioners relating to the individual children, means that the children experience new and exciting ways to learn through play. The long term plans of the settings must be flexible. They should incorporate the schools ethos and provide for an enriched curriculum with scope for differentiation to allow inclusion. Medium term planning then identifies the specific topics of work to be covered over the term, or half term. From these the practitioner then sets out the weekly activity plans, to guarantee full coverage of the learning outcomes within the set topics. It is vital that the plans cover the whole of the six areas of learning and that the practitioner assesses the progress of the children, in order to make certain that they are all progressing to the best of their capabilities. Recording achievements as stepping stones enables early years practitioners to carry out assessments whilst the children are involved in activities, thus preventing the child having any knowledge that an appraisal of their skills and understandings is being undertaken. Planning and evaluating the success criteria of an activity allows the practitioner to be certain that every area of the curriculum is covered. Piaget introduced three principles of cognitive development and these apply to all of the subjects studied in this report. His first principle is assimilation. He says that children do not absorb all the information they encounter. They actively engage in the assimilation process and learn what is relevant to them at their stage of development. The schema stage is next. During this phase the children relate what they know already to their current situation. The third phase is where the child wishes to seek stability cognitively. He utilises the knowledge gained and applies it to make a general logical picture (Oakley, 2004). From this it is clear to see how the children gain the learning and knowledge applicable to them by interpreting activities in their own way.

Worldwide Micro Electric Vehicles Market Report 2018 Essay Example for Free

Worldwide Micro Electric Vehicles Market Report 2018 Essay Micro electric vehicles are driven by electric battery propulsion with a power rating of 4-10 KWh and are generally two to four-seater vehicles. This class of vehicles was earlier considered to belong to the category of electric vehicles, but as a result of the increased demand for this product and rapid growth of the market, they now form a separate market category. Analysts forecast the Global Micro Electric Vehicles market will grow at a CAGR of 14. 91 percent over the period 2013-2018. The Report recognizes the following companies as the key players in the Global Micro Electric Vehicles Market : Ingersoll Rand plc Polaris Industries Inc. , Textron Inc. , Yamaha Motor Corp. , Canadian Electric Vehicles Ltd. , Chongqing Huansong Industries (Group) Co. Ltd. , Columbia ParCar , E-Ride Industries , Italcar, Pride Mobility Products Corp. , Shenzhen Marshell Green Power Co. Ltd. , Suzhou Eagle Electric Vehicle Manufacturing Co. Ltd. , Tomberlin Automotive Group, Zhejiang Ruifeng (R P) Industry Group The focus of vendors has shifted to finding ways to extend the life of Li-ion batteries. These batteries are now used in a variety of applications such as cell phones, laptops, PCs, power tools, electric bikes, electric scooters, tablets, medical devices, UPS systems, and transit buses. These batteries have completely replaced lead-acid batteries in several applications. The Global Li-Ion Battery market for Hybrid and Electric Vehicles is expected to grow yearly at 20 percent till 2025 Complete Report is Available @ http://www. sandlerresearch. org/global-micro-electric-vehicles-market-2014-2018. html . Covered in this Report. The Global Micro Electric Vehicles market can be divided into three segments: Quadricycles, Golf Carts, and Mobility Vehicles for the Disabled. To calculate the market size, the report considers the revenue generated from the combined sales of all three segments. . In addition, the report discusses the major drivers that influence the growth of the Global Micro Electric Vehicles market. It also outlines the challenges faced by the vendors and the market at large, as well as the key trends that are emerging in the market. Global Micro Electric Vehicles Market 2014-2018, has been prepared based on an in-depth market analysis with inputs from industry experts. The report covers the Americas and the EMEA and APAC regions; it also covers the Global Micro Electric Vehicles market landscape and its growth prospects in the coming years. The report also includes a discussion of the key vendors operating in this market. According to the report, the Global Micro Electric Vehicles market has taken center stage mainly because of the increase in government subsidies for manufacturers and incentives for buyers of such vehicles. Gasoline and diesel-based vehicles are major generators of greenhouse gas emissions. Various governments are taking an active interest in reducing the increasing emission levels of greenhouse gases. They are also actively involved in promoting clean and efficient ways of transportation. Further, the report states that the inadequate infrastructure for charging electric vehicle batteries is a major challenge faced by the Global Micro Electric Vehicles market. Also, the time taken to recharge these batteries is too long. There is a lot of scope to improve the infrastructure for charging batteries. Hence, the present infrastructure is not sufficient to cater to current demand. Inquire Before buying the Report @ http://www. sandlerresearch. org/inquire-before-buying? rname=19637 . Contact [emailprotected] org / Call +1 888 391 5441 for further information on â€Å"Global Micro Electric Vehicles Market 2014-2018† report OR for any other market research and intelligence needs you may have for your business.